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Evolution of Euthanasia by Jessica French: Court Rules

Overview

Physician-Assisted Suicide is currently a States matter.  

  • Currently, four States have enacted laws legalizing physician-assisted suicide and those matters are enforced by a state administrative agency.                ----->In those four states, as long as a patient meets certain criteria, it legal for a patient to seek and a doctor to perform physician-assisted suicide through medicinal aid.  As long as the patient is uncoerced and there is no fraud, then criminal and civil liabilities do not attach.
  • In the remaining states, euthanasia (as of 2014) it illegal and is governed by the individual states rules of criminal law/procedure.            -----> Some seek to legalize physician-assisted suicide pursuant to the Equal Protection Clause of the the U.S. Constitution and state constitutions.

Federal Courts have jurisdiction over violations of the Controlled-Substances Act and Equal Protection Claims.

Federal Rules

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure

These are the rules that are uniform and govern the procedures in district courts.

Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure 

These are the rules that govern all procedures in the district courts in criminal cases

Federal Rules of Evidence 

A code of evidence law governing the admission of facts by which parties in the United States federal court system may prove their cases, both civil and criminal.

Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure

A set of rules, promulgated by the Supreme Court of the United States on recommendation of an advisory committee, to govern procedures in cases in the United States Courts of Appeals.

Supreme Court Rules

Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution establishes the Supreme Court of the United States. Currently, there are nine Justices on the Court. Before taking office, each Justice must be appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. Justices hold office during good behavior, typically, for life.

The Constitution states that the Supreme Court has both original and appellate jurisdiction. Original jurisdiction means that the Supreme Court is the first, and only, Court to hear a case. The Constitution limits original jurisdiction cases to those involving disputes between the states or disputes arising among ambassadors and other high-ranking ministers. Appellate jurisdiction means that the Court has the authority to review the decisions of lower courts. Most of the cases the Supreme Court hears are appeals from lower courts.

 

Oregon

'The Department of Human Services - Health Services Enforces compliance with the state law.

 

When there is a violation, the Oregon Courts have jurisdiction:

127.885. § 4.01. Immunities in general:

  • For civil or criminal liability for those who acted in good faith compliance 
  • No loss of license, privileges, membership, etcs for those who acted in good faith compliance
  • Not neglect for those who acted in good faith compliance.

127.890. § 4.02. Liabilities

  • It is a class A felony for anyone who alters or forges a request.
  • It is a class A felony for any anyone who coerces or exerts undue influence
  • A person may be subject to civil liabilities resulting from negligent or intentional misconduct.

Oregon Rules of Civil Procedure 

Oregon Rules of Criminal Procedure

Oregon Rules of Appellate Procedure

Vermont

The Department of Human Services - Health Services Enforces compliance with the state law.

 

Where here is a violation, the Vermont Courts have jurisdiction:

5285. Limitations on actions:

  • Except as provided in other sections, nothing limits liability for civil damages resulting from negligent conduct or intentional misconduct by any person.
  • A health care facility or health care provider shall not subject a physician, nurse, pharmacist, or other person to discipline, suspension, loss of license, loss of privileges, or other penalty for actions taken in good faith reliance on the provisions of this chapter or refusals to act under this chapter.

5290. Immunity for physician:

A physician shall be immune from any civil or criminal liability or professional disciplinary action for actions performed in good faith compliance with the provisions of this chapter.

Vermont State Court Rules

Vermont Rules of Civil Procedure

Vermont Rules of Criminal Procedure

Vermont Rules of Appellate Procedure

 

Washington

The Department of Human Services - Health Services Enforces compliance with the state law.

Where here is a violation, the Washington Courts have jurisdiction:

70.245.190. Immunities--Basis for prohibiting health care provider from participation--Notification--Permissible sanctions:

  • When a person is acting in good faith compliance they will not be liable for civil or criminal liabilities.

70.245.200. Willful alteration/forgery--Coercion or undue influence--Penalties--Civil damages--Other penalties not precluded:

  • Person who without authorization of the patient willfully alters or forges a request.
  • Person who coerces or exerts undue influence on a patient to request medication.
  • No limit for further liability for civil damages resulting from other negligent conduct or intentional misconduct by any person.
  • Criminal penalties are not precluded.

Washington State Court Rules

Washington Rules of Civil Procedure

Washington Rules of Criminal Procedure

Washington Rules of Appellate Procedure

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